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Chapter I · Preliminary

Section 2

Definitions

Section OverviewPending legal verification
"aggrieved woman" means— (i) in relation to a workplace, a woman, of any age, whether employed or not, who alleges to have been subjected to any act of sexual harassment by the respondent; (ii) in relation to a dwelling place or house, a woman, of any age, who is employed in such dwelling place or house;
"appropriate Government" means— (i) in respect of a workplace established, owned, controlled or wholly or substantially financed by the Central Government, or an authority, body or enterprise owned, controlled or funded by the Central Government, the Central Government; (ii) in respect of a workplace established, owned, controlled or wholly or substantially financed by the State Government, or an authority, body or enterprise owned, controlled or funded by the State Government, or a workplace not covered under sub-clause (i), the State Government;
"Chairperson" means the Chairperson of the Local Committee nominated under sub-section (1) of section 7;
"District Officer" means an officer notified under section 5;
"domestic worker" means a woman who is employed to do the household work in any household for remuneration whether in cash or kind, either directly or through any agency on a temporary, permanent, part-time or full-time basis, but does not include any member of the family of the employer;
"employee" means a person employed at a workplace for any work on regular, temporary, ad hoc or daily wage basis, either directly or through an agent, including a contractor, with or, without the knowledge of the principal employer, whether for remuneration or not, or working on a voluntary basis or otherwise, whether the terms of employment are express or implied and includes a co-worker, a contract worker, probationer, trainee, apprentice or called by any other such name;
"employer" means— (i) in relation to any department, organisation, undertaking, establishment, enterprise, institution, office, branch or unit of the appropriate Government or a local authority, the head of that department, organisation, undertaking, establishment, enterprise, institution, office, branch or unit or such other officer as the appropriate Government may, by notification, specify; (ii) in any workplace not covered under sub-clause (i), any person responsible for the management, supervision and control of the workplace;
"Internal Committee" means the Internal Complaints Committee constituted under section 4;
"Local Committee" means the Local Complaints Committee constituted under section 6;
"Member" means a member of the Internal Committee or the Local Committee, as the case may be;
"prescribed" means prescribed by rules made under this Act;
"Presiding Officer" means the Presiding Officer of the Internal Committee nominated under sub-section (1) of section 4;
"respondent" means a person against whom the aggrieved woman has made a complaint under section 9;
"sexual harassment" includes any one or more of the following unwelcome acts or behaviour (whether directly or by implication), namely:— (i) physical contact and advances; or (ii) a demand or request for sexual favours; or (iii) making sexually coloured remarks; or (iv) showing pornography; or (v) any other unwelcome physical, verbal or non-verbal conduct of sexual nature;
"workplace" includes— (i) any department, organisation, undertaking, establishment, enterprise, institution, office, branch or unit which is established, owned, controlled or wholly or substantially financed by funds provided directly or indirectly by the appropriate Government or the local authority or a Government company or a corporation or a co-operative society; (ii) any private sector organisation or a private venture, undertaking, enterprise, institution, establishment, society, trust, non-governmental organisation, unit or service provider carrying on commercial, professional, vocational, educational, entertainment, industrial, health services or financial activities; (iii) any hospital or nursing home; (iv) any sports institute, stadium, sports complex or competition or games venue; (v) any place visited by the employee arising out of or during the course of employment; (vi) a dwelling place or a house;
"unorganised sector" means an enterprise owned by individuals or self-employed workers and engaged in the production or sale of goods or services and employing less than ten workers;

Temporary structural and explanatory content only; it is not a verbatim reproduction. Complete statutory text and legal commentary will be integrated after separate legal verification.

Plain Language

The scope is intentionally broad. It covers many worker types, many workplace settings, and the institutional actors who run the complaint system.

Workplace is broader than a registered office. Travel, fieldwork, events, and domestic settings can all qualify.

The definition of sexual harassment reaches conduct, speech, and non-verbal behaviour, not just physical acts.

Why It Matters

The definitions determine who is protected, who is responsible, and where the Act applies. Getting these wrong means getting compliance wrong.

The broad definition of 'employee' means contract workers, trainees, and daily-wage staff are all covered.

Practical Example

Scenario: A company employs 15 people including 3 contract workers from an agency. One contract worker alleges harassment by a permanent employee.

Outcome: The contract worker is covered as an 'employee' under Section 2(f), and the employer must constitute an IC under Section 4.

Who Must Act

employer

  • Read the definition of workplace broadly, including travel, client sites, and work-related events.

employee

  • Your protection extends beyond the physical office — work-related travel and events are covered.

Common Mistakes

Assuming only permanent employees are covered — the definition includes contract, ad hoc, and daily-wage workers.

Limiting 'workplace' to the registered office — it includes travel, client sites, and work-related events.

Source & Status

This page contains temporary structural and explanatory content, not a verbatim reproduction of the Act.

Source: Ministry of Law and Justice, Government of India

Publication status: Temporary content pending separate legal verification